Documented breast cancer incidence among American Indians is lower than among non-Indians, yet malignant neoplasms are the second leading cause of mortality for both groups. This statistical anomaly reflects advanced stages at diagnosis, restricted access to health care, and poor adherence to medical treatment--all of which are associated with social and cultural variables that have tended to be excluded for many health education programs that target American Indians. Anthropological research methods offer a unique opportunity to examine cultural meanings and behaviors about health and to develop culturally competent education tools. In 1996-1997 fifty-one Southern California Indians participated in informal oral interviews about cancer causation, prevention, and treatment beliefs and behaviors. These opportunistically selected individuals included 12 cancer survivors, 3 people diagnosed with benign tumors, and 36 people never diagnosed with either tumors or cancer. In 1998-1999 and 1999-2000, 61 women participated in two sets of formal interviews about breast cancer detection beliefs and strategies. Individuals perceive cancer to have multiple etiologies. The diagnosis and treatment of the physical aspects of breast cancer are considered to best cared for by medical personnel and technologies; cancer survivors and other tribal members desire lay and clerical assistance with the social, spiritual, and emotional aspects of this condition. This information formed the foundation for The Helping Path Health Guide, based on local health beliefs and on community education and communication methods. This paper will outline the ethnographic, analytic, and technological approaches used to develop and distribute this California Indian cancer education book.
Learning Objectives: At the end of this presentation, participants will be able to identify and assess culturally competent cancer education and research methods
Keywords: American Indians, Breast Cancer Programs
Presenting author's disclosure statement:
Organization/institution whose products or services will be discussed: None
I do not have any significant financial interest/arrangement or affiliation with any organization/institution whose products or services are being discussed in this session.