Problem: Health problems for pregnant women that lead to adverse birth outcomes remain despite effectiveness of prenatal medical care. This leads to considering the role of psychological factors in affecting birth outcomes. The goal of this study is to assess the relationship of depression and subsequent health behaviors of pregnant women on their birth outcomes. Method: A literature review was conducted of research published between 1985 and 1999. Over 20 studies that investigated correlations between psychological variables and birth outcomes were systematically reviewed. Findings: Across the studies, there was a strong and consistent relationship between depression and adverse birth outcomes. Prenatal depression was related to decreased utilization of prenatal care, a diminished social network, and poor nutritional intake. Discussion: Findings are interpreted within the context of Orem's Self-care Deficit Nursing Theory that relate the woman's underlying psychological state (depression) to her ability to care for her own health and that of the fetus. Depression entails lack of motivation, indifference, and poor personal health. In this way, depression affects self-care agency, namely one's well-being. Consequences of depression affect the health of the fetus. The quality of self-care during pregnancy plays a role in birth outcomes. Implications: Health care providers need to be alert to the important role of depression and may want to include depression screening in prenatal care.
Learning Objectives: At the conclusion of this session, participants will understand depression as a barrier to self-care in pregnancy; articulate the links among depression, poor self-care, and adverse birth outcomes
Keywords: Depression, Pregnancy Outcomes
Presenting author's disclosure statement:
Organization/institution whose products or services will be discussed: None
I do not have any significant financial interest/arrangement or affiliation with any organization/institution whose products or services are being discussed in this session.