The promises and perils of the rapid developments in applied molecular genetics are beginning to impact public health sectors. The areas of genetic technology discussed in this paper of special relevance to public health professionals are: (1) pre-natal and post-natal genetic screening; and (2) genetically modified foods.
The sequencing of the human genome eventually will result in new assays for in utero and postnatal screening. State public health departments are facing decisions about introducing new post-natal screening assays and governmental responsibilities of a positive test outcome. Third party insurers must determine which prenatal screening will be carried under a pre-paid plan. Public health, economic, equity, and ethical considerations will enter into these decisions.
A second area where public health meets genetic technology is in the new developments of genetically modified (GM) crops. Federal agencies have taken the primary lead in addressing the safety of foods in areas such as antibiotic resistance markers, new allergens, and toxicity. The potential contributions to improved public health from GM crops include using food as a delivery system for vaccines or vitamins in countries that do not have access to pharmaceuticals and a balanced diet. Skepticism over GM foods in Europe and to a lesser extent in the United States has held up developments of food as a source of medicinal treatments and nutritional enhancements. Broader social criticisms about techno-fixes to Third World poverty are also part of the political discourse.
Learning Objectives: N/A
Keywords: Genetics, Technology
Presenting author's disclosure statement:
Organization/institution whose products or services will be discussed: None
I do not have any significant financial interest/arrangement or affiliation with any organization/institution whose products or services are being discussed in this session.