A comprehensive assessment of children's health and indoor air quality in child care settings

Introduction: Nearly half of all children under the age of 5 in the United States attend child care centers or family day care in private homes. It is estimated that children spend more than 80% of their time indoors while attending child care. The occurrence of indoor air pollutants in child care settings varies depending upon: 1) the degree of training provided to the staff on indoor air quality management, 2) the State's ability and willingness to enforce regulations and compliance measures, and 3) location and building type, as child care settings range from home basements to office buildings. Air pollution is of concern because young children may have a greater rate of exposure to indoor air pollutants than adults due to greater inhalation rates and contact with dust, and different microenvironments and behavior patterns. Consequently, young children who attend day care facilities may be more susceptible to indoor air pollutants. Research Aim: Review and synthesize epidemiological and exposure studies that have assessed the association between children's exposure to key indoor pollutants (such as mold, pesticides, and VOCs) and health impacts. Outcomes: The synthesis of available evidence illustrates the associations between indoor air quality in child care settings and children's health. These results can provide a basis for state and federal policy makers to take action, and can also help inform decisions made by health professionals. Research gaps have been identified, and recommendations are made for standardizing indoor air quality practices in child care facilities.