Considering family-based HIV intervention programs: Insight into family functioning and communications in a sample of Asian young men who have sex with men (YMSM)

Background/Significance: Research indicates that parents and families have a central role in the development of adolescents' and emerging adults' sexual behaviors. Characteristics such as family support and connectedness can mitigate high-risk behaviors. There have been recent recommendations to integrate family into HIV interventions. Research on family functioning and communication is lacking among Asian young men who have sex with men (AYMSM).

Objective/Purpose: To develop culturally competent and relevant HIV interventions that integrate family for this population, researchers and interventionists need greater insight into the family dynamics.

Methods: A total of N=84 AYMSM (ages 18-24) were recruited from gay-identified venues using purposive sampling techniques and completed a short (45 minute) survey. A sub-sample (n=24) also completed a qualitative interview on family relationships and dynamics.

Results: Respondents described their families' expectations which generally focused on a “traditional” marriage, children and a successful career. Qualitative interviews indicate that AYMSM may overcompensate on succeeding in career and school because they feel they will not be able to fulfill other familial expectations. Respondents reported high levels of homophobia within the family (e.g., 54% reported members believe all MSM have AIDS) and that the topics of sex and sexuality are generally viewed as taboo within the family. Fear of creating shame within the family often made AYMSM hesitant to disclose their sexuality.

Discussion/Conclusions: Additional research into the relationship between family expectations, dynamics, mental health and sexuality is needed. Providers and interventionists should consider these issues to provide culturally competent and relevant HIV services for AYMSM.