Computer-mediated health services: A look into public health innovation

This study introduced the concept of computer-mediated health services (CMHS) and utilized a survey based on the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) to predict the behavioral intent of adolescents to use this innovative service delivery channel. Current reports from Pew Internet have suggested that adolescents quadrupled their Internet use over the past 5 years, specifically adolescents in 6th grade and above. Epidemiological reports in a northeastern U.S. city suggested that during this same timeframe, adolescents engaged in unhealthy behaviors, were victimized, or perpetrated delinquent acts. Existing research is limited in addressing how providers may incorporate the Internet in addressing adolescent needs and behaviors. This cross-sectional quantitative study using survey methodology measured adolescents' attitudes and Internet preferences. The study's key research question was to identify what specific factors influence the intention to adopt and use CMHS. A series of tests were used (X², ANOVA) to determine the effects of gender and school grade on Internet preferences and attitudes. A mixed-method ANOVA revealed a significant preference for face-to-face services to those delivered online regardless of gender or school grade. However, hierarchical regressions revealed that participants would intend to use CMHS based on support by peers and family and if the service performed at their expectations (R²= .41). The information gathered from this study will be used to effect social change within Upstate New York by developing a CMHS program that will potentially reduce the incidence of unhealthy behaviors among adolescents by increasing channels of health promotion and education.