141st APHA Annual Meeting

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288371
Gender differences in chronic disease management self-efficacy in adults with type 2 diabetes and heart disease

Sunday, November 3, 2013

Ifunanya Ejebe, AB , Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI
Lauren E. Wisk, BS , Department of Population Health Sciences, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
Elizabeth A. Jacobs, MD, MPP , Departments of Medicine and Population Health Sciences, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI
Background: Disease specific self-efficacy, the confidence an individual has to control and manage chronic disease, has been shown to be a predictor of management behavior, medication adherence, and quality of life. Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate the social determinants of self-efficacy, particularly by gender, and to determine if this relationship is influenced by receipt of management plans in a population-based sample of adults with Type 2 diabetes and heart disease. Methods: We analyzed data from 8,907 adults (weighted n = 3,472,196) with self-reported type 2 diabetes and heart disease from the 2009 California Health Interview Survey. Self-efficacy was measured using the disease specific questions ‘How confident are you in your ability to control and manage your [diabetes, heart disease]?' Staged multivariable logistic regression models were used to examine if the relationship between gender and asthma self-efficacy was retained controlling for disease severity, health care access (health insurance type, usual source of care), health care utilization (delayed or foregone medical or prescription care), and health care delivery (receipt of written disease management plan). Results: In the fully adjusted models, women with type 2 diabetes were less likely to have high diabetes self-efficacy than men with heart disease (OR 0.6, 95% CI 0.5-0.8). Women with heart disease were also less likely to have high heart disease self-efficacy than men with heart disease (OR 0.7, 95% CI 0.5-0.9). Conclusion: There appear to be meaningful differences in self-efficacy by gender that exists across chronic conditions.

Learning Areas:
Chronic disease management and prevention

Learning Objectives:
Describe differences in self-efficacy beliefs in adults with type 2 diabetes and heart disease by gender.

Keywords: Diabetes, Heart Disease

Presenting author's disclosure statement:

Qualified on the content I am responsible for because: I was responsible for the conceptualization, data construction, and analysis of this research.
Any relevant financial relationships? No

I agree to comply with the American Public Health Association Conflict of Interest and Commercial Support Guidelines, and to disclose to the participants any off-label or experimental uses of a commercial product or service discussed in my presentation.