Mandated Treatment, 12-Step Support Groups, and Criminal Recidivism Policy Implications and Perspective

Background - An estimated 23 million people in the USA are currently struggling with chemical dependence or abuse. 7,000,000 are in the judicial system, 5,000,000 of which committed a drug related offense. Mandates to 12-step programs are a key tool in the judicial system but there is a 40-80% drop out rate leading to increased criminal recidivism. 

This study examined and identified the factors associated with the linkage and long-term retention of court ordered offenders to 12-step fellowships. The study led to conclusions that prepare policy makers, treatment providers and the judicial and legal branches to effectively reduce the public health impact of substance abuse.

Methods –42 case study interviews were conducted in Buncombe County, NC. A total engagement score was assigned to each subject based on their involvement in the five core components of NA. Results from key informant interviews were analyzed using an inductive data analysis process and coding using Atlas TI. Engagement scores were compared to categorical and quantitative data to evaluate the strength of specific relationships between variables

Results – treatment engagement, hope, desire to abstain and positive expectations for NA are the key indicators of engagement and retention.

Conclusions –

This research contributes new information to the field of addiction that can be used to reduce the public health and social consequence of drug use. A program model has been recommended in the County of the research. Success at a local level will set the stage for a larger implementation of the program.