Differences in health demographics within a tribal population in northern Michigan

Due to a lack of adequate resources and other cultural challenges with sampling and data collection, available health surveillance data for American Indians (AI) at the region-, state-, and county-level often have limitations related to identification and coding of AI race; lack of documentation for tribal affiliation; small sample size; and exclusion of small/rural Tribes. Cultural challenges are rooted in historical mistrust over the purpose of data collection and are believed to contribute to underreporting of AI race. Limitations in available data can restrict the ability of Tribes to accurately measure and monitor the health status of tribal members, and to explore health demographics and the impact of their efforts to improve health outcomes. The literature suggests health disparities within minority populations are compounded by many factors, including geography, education level, and household income.

In 2013, the Sault Ste. Marie Tribe of Chippewa Indians surveyed tribal members to assess health status for the tribal population living throughout the service area. The survey successfully collected representative data for adults and children from over 1,600 households. This presentation will describe Sault Tribe’s methods for collecting data using a rigorous and culturally-sensitive approach. Results exploring differences in health status within the tribal population will be shared. Finally, community health improvement strategies currently being used to address health priorities will be discussed. By measuring and monitoring health status within the tribal population, program staff and tribal leaders are able to make informed decisions for improving access to care, the built environment, and health services.