142nd APHA Annual Meeting and Exposition

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Evaluation of CBPR theory-based HIV prevention interventions: 2000-2013

142nd APHA Annual Meeting and Exposition (November 15 - November 19, 2014): http://www.apha.org/events-and-meetings/annual
Tuesday, November 18, 2014

Alireza Geshnizjani, PhD, MPH, MS , Community Health Education and Recreation, University of Maine, Farmington, ME
Kristen Jozkowski, PhD , Community Health Promotion, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR
Background.  HIV continues to be a salient public health issue in the US. Approximately 56,300 people become infected with HIV and 14,000 die of AIDS annually. The best way to reduce the rate of HIV transmission is via educational health promotion interventions.

 Methods. This study assessed 25 articles which evaluated theory-based HIV prevention interventions in the last decade that used CBPR. In order to be eligible for this evaluation, interventions had to utilize health behavior theories as their main component. The authors assessed the characteristics of interventions, including target population, behaviors and determinants on which the intervention focused, the setting, unit of delivery for intervention, duration of intervention, and a description of the activities/strategies used in the intervention.

 Results. Most of the interventions utilized constructs from more than one theory in their design. The most frequently used theories were Social Cognitive Theory (SCT), Theory of Reasoned Action, and Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) and most interventions focused on changing condom use behaviors and their determinants. Overall, findings indicate that theory-based HIV prevention interventions are highly effective in changing behaviors that result in HIV transmission.

Implications. Public health professionals should design interventions that utilize constructs from more than one theory in order to develop more effective interventions rather than using single theories exclusively. SCT and TPB contain important constructs that can be used in intervention design to effectively change behaviors that will reduce HIV transmission. Public health professionals should also continue to design interventions geared toward community-based settings and changing policy.

Learning Areas:

Advocacy for health and health education
Planning of health education strategies, interventions, and programs
Program planning
Protection of the public in relation to communicable diseases including prevention or control
Social and behavioral sciences

Learning Objectives:
Identify the most frequently used theories in HIV prevention interventions for at risk groups, in the last decade. Identify common settings and priority populations that have been targeted for implementing HIV prevention interventions Examine components and activities commonly used in theory-based HIV prevention interventions Examine the effectiveness of theory-based HIV prevention interventions in terms of behavior and policy change

Keyword(s): Policy/Policy Development, Planning

Presenting author's disclosure statement:

Qualified on the content I am responsible for because: I have a PhD in health behavior and have been doing research in the field for the past 8 years.
Any relevant financial relationships? No

I agree to comply with the American Public Health Association Conflict of Interest and Commercial Support Guidelines, and to disclose to the participants any off-label or experimental uses of a commercial product or service discussed in my presentation.

Back to: 4083.0: Community Based Participatory Research (CBPR) Poster