Improving Health through Park and Recreation Policies

Background. The current pattern of development- sprawl- threatens populations’ health by reducing opportunities for physical activity, thus contributing to increasing rates of obesity and related chronic disease in the US. A case study of the Miami Dade County Parks, Recreation and Open Spaces Department (MDPROS) illustrates the potential for park and recreation departments, through a comprehensive and coordinated policy planning framework, to develop holistic solutions to public health challenges.

Methods. The MDPROS will present Comprehensive Development Master Plan policies and the impact on zoning/development and exemplify several evidence-based approaches and initiatives in the planning/implementation stages to support physical activity and healthy lifestyles. This presentation highlights five aspects that can serve as models for park and public health collaborations, including (1) an access and equity analysis and policy-based on walkability metrics to plan for neighborhood and regional parks; (2) a healthy options policy that provides healthy food choices in park vending machines; (3) fitness zones with outdoor gyms in areas where the incidence of health risk factors suggests the greatest need; (4) worksite wellness programs that include exercise, nutrition, and wellness activities; and (5) urban design manuals that provide standards for development to promote walking and a sense of community.

Conclusions. Informing the character, availability, and access to park and recreation program options through a park and public health focus provides a process for incorporating health-enhancing choices into planning policy, with the potential to save lives by preventing chronic diseases and improving environmental health, ensuring equitable access, and stimulating economic development.