Friends, parents, and professionals: A qualitative study of who African American teens go to for help when experiencing dating violence

BACKGROUND: Although African American youth experience increased risk for dating violence, little is known about these youths’ opinions of sources of help.

METHODS: This qualitative study solicited teens’ perceptions of dating violence using in-depth interviews with male and female African American youth (ages 13-18) in two public high schools in a Southern city (n=20). Participants were recruited purposively by researchers during lunchtime and via referral from school personnel in school.  Preliminary thematic analysis of assistance sources for dating violence victims was conducted.

RESULTS: Teens reported that victims were unlikely to seek help if they were committed to staying in their relationship; if the abuse experienced was emotional or sexual rather than physical; or if the victim was male.  Teens reported that victims were most likely to seek advice from friends; however, most stated that friends have difficulty assisting victims due to lack of experience or knowledge. Also, teens reported friends were less likely than adults to perceive dating violence as a serious problem.  Some teens described seeking help from family members with whom they have close relationships, although other teens were strongly opposed to seeking help from family due to the fear that family members would overreact or seek retribution. Fear that their complaint would be shared with others (i.e., the police) was described as a barrier to disclosing to health professionals.

CONCLUSIONS: Interventions that train peer helpers, explain confidentiality and promote use of health services may improve assistance for dating violence victims.