Explaining Human Papillomavirus vaccine uptake among African American adolescent females using the Diffusion of Innovations Theory

Issue: Human Papillomavirus (HPV) prevalence among African American adolescents is disproportionately high in comparison with other age and ethnic groups. HPV vaccination series initiation and completion rates remain low among this population, despite the availability of a safe and effective vaccine. Previous theoretical frameworks have been unable to successfully integrate all factors involved in HPV vaccine uptake. Innovative theoretically grounded strategies are needed to enhance overall understanding and intervention design for those at highest risk of infection.

Description: Using ACASI, 216 surveys were completed with African American females 14-18 years of age. The items measured in the ACASI were mapped to the Diffusion of Innovations (DOI) Theory Innovation-Decision Process Model. A cross-sectional analysis was conducted to examine correlates of HPV knowledge and intention to vaccinate against HPV within the context of DOI.

Lessons Learned: While DOI has never been used to explain HPV vaccine decision-making, application of this model accounts for all variables that influence HPV vaccine uptake. The DOI Innovation-Decision Process Model successfully integrates all correlates of HPV vaccination and provides an optimal framework through which to explain HPV knowledge and intent to vaccinate among African American adolescent females.

Recommendations: Subsequent research must be conducted to test the application of DOI to predict HPV vaccine series initiation and completion among African American adolescents. DOI should be used to frame future HPV vaccine uptake intervention strategies to increase the diffusion of the vaccine among this at-risk population.