Community-level assessment of HIV prevention knowledge and practices in Yombia, Western Equatorial state, South Sudan

Background: Although the HIV prevalence in South Sudan is generalized as low at 2.7% among 15-49 years old, Western Equatorial State has a prevalence rate of 7.2% in Yombia County.

Objectives and methods: A Lot Quality Assurance Sampling (LQAS) survey was conducted to assess knowledge of HIV prevention and sexual behaviors among three groups totaling 342 participants (women 15-49 years, men 15-54 years and youth 15-24 years) in Yambio County. Data was analyzed using LQAS plan specifications required to classify indicators.

Results: Among women, 51.4% correctly identified ways to prevent HIV transmission; 20.2% reported ever using condoms; 5.7% used condoms consistently during each sexual encounter; 23.6% correctly assessed their risk of contracting HIV; 34.4% correctly identified common STI symptoms.

Among men, 58.3% correctly identified ways to prevent HIV transmission; 41.7% reported ever using condoms; 9.9% used condoms consistently during each sexual encounter; 36.8% correctly assessed their risk of contracting HIV; 50.2% correctly identified common STI symptoms.

Among youth ages 15-24, only 42.6% correctly identified ways to prevent HIV transmission; 38.2% of sexually active youth had ever used a condom; 13.2% reported condom use during last sexual encounter; only 7.88% of used condoms consistently; 27.6% correctly identified common STI symptoms.

Conclusion: There was an apparent disconnect between participants knowledge and behavior. Regardless of age, there was low perception of risk, and low condom use among sexually active individuals. HIV/AIDS prevention information, education and communication activities need to be intensified in this population.