Willingness to Participate in Biomarker Research Among African Americans

Biomarker research relies upon the collection of bodily fluids such as blood, saliva, tissue, or cerebrospinal fluid to provide an understanding of physiological processes associated with health status or disease risk. It is particularly important to engage minorities and medically underserved populations in these studies since these groups bear a disproportionate burden of chronic disease and disability. This study uses a community-based participatory research (CBPR) approach to examine the responses of African American key informants regarding participation in studies asking for a saliva sample versus a blood sample. The primary goal of this study is to determine if there is a distinction in willingness to participate based on the type of sample, despite the fact that similar biological information can be obtained from both saliva and blood samples, and uplift the barriers and facilitators to participation in biomarker research.  An academic research team conducted key informant interviews with African American representatives (n=26) who discussed their concerns and attitudes towards biomarker research participation.   Participants were evenly stratified by age (25-45, 46-64, and 65 and older), education level, and gender. Interviews were analyzed using direct content analysis to identify emergent themes. Study results indicate small differences in the willingness among African Americans to participate in studies that required a sample of saliva compared to blood; where saliva presented more facilitators and fewer barriers than blood.  Overall, participants were favorable toward participating in biomarker research if it would benefit themselves, a family member, or others. Specific barriers and facilitators will be presented.